Marius Maris, Maria-Alexandra Martu, Irina-Georgeta Sufaru, Liliana Pasarin, Razvan Curca, Oana Butnaru, Ioana Martu, Ionut Luchian
Abstract
Orthodontic treatment can greatly impact the periodontium, especially in dentitions with a thin periodontal phenotype. Orthodontic tooth movement can result into iatrogenic sequelae to these vulnerable anatomic conditions, such as development and exacerbation of bony dehiscence or fenestration defects, which can manifest loss of periodontal support and gingival recession. Orthodontic treatment should be planned taking the periodontal phenotypes into account. A thin phenotype often requires a surgical procedure to thicken tissue before orthodontic treatment. In patients with a thick phenotype, in whom the risk of recession progression is lower, it is possible to introduce observation during orthodontic treatment and to correct defects after its completion, if possible. Periodontal diagnostics before the start of orthodontic treatment is used to assess periodontal features such as height and quality of the alveolar process and the type of a soft tissue phenotype. Most studies suggest improving the gingival phenotype before orthodontic treatment, but a decision should be made individually for each patient.
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