Lorena Morarașu, Sorana Roșu, Doriana Agop-Forna
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The interrelationship between general skeletal health and the alveolar bone of the maxilla and mandible is an area of growing clinical and research interest. This review aims to synthesize current scientific evidence on the impact of osteoporosis on oral health, with a focus on alveolar bone loss, periodontitis, tooth loss, and dental implant outcomes. Methodology: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: The scientific literature confirms a significant association between osteoporosis and compromised periodontal health. Patients with osteoporosis have an increased risk of alveolar bone loss, periodontitis progression, and edentulism. Osteoporosis and its treatments (e.g., bisphosphonates) may also influence implant outcomes by increasing the risk of marginal bone loss and, in rare cases, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Diagnostic methods (DXA, pQCT) may be extrapolated to evaluate maxillary bone quality. Conclusions: Osteoporosis screening in dental patients with risk factors, and oral health assessment in osteoporotic patients, should become standard practice. Management of these patients requires personalized protocols that account for skeletal status and associated pharmacotherapy.
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