Chiriac Marta, Mușat Mihaela, Vizitiu Oana, Tibeica Andreea, Radu Ioan Alexandru, Norina Forna
ABSTRACT
Aim of the study is to evaluate and compare bone regeneration materials currently available in dentistry and to study the process of integrating these materials into oral and maxillofacial bone defects. Materials and methods The literature was electronically searched, and includes multiple subtopics: guided bone regeneration, osteogenesis, implant surgery, bone defects, biomaterials, barrier membranes, the knowledge that must be implemented in the treatment. Results Materials are classified based on their biological functions. Functionalization strategies designed to overcome the negative properties, and facilitate space maintenance, osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, progenitor cell migration and differentiation, mineralization, vascularization, immunoregulation-induced osteogenesis, and anti-infective functionality. Conclusions Biomaterials used for bone regeneration are valid when the correct material is used. As yet the osteogenic capacity of autogenous bone has not been equalled by biomaterials. Tissue engineering has caused great interest because of its many possibilities, although more studies are necessary in order to achieve the ambitious expectations when it comes to tissue or organ regeneration in the human body.
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